Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto zokuxhumana zokudla zihlala zivela empilweni yansuku zonke, futhi i-silicone ingenye yazo.Isibonelo, ama-silicone spatulas okuthosa, isikhunta sokwenza amaqebelengwane ekhekhe, izindandatho zokuvala ze-tableware, nemikhiqizo yezingane njengama-pacifiers, utshani, nezixubho zonke zenziwe nge-silicone.Njengempahla ye-adsorption esebenza kakhulu, izinto zokuthintana zokudla ezenziwe nge-silicone zinezici zokungasindi, i-anti drop, kulula ukuyihlanza, nokungagqwali, futhi zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi abaphishekela impilo.Kodwa abathengi abaningi bakhathazekile futhi ngokuthi izitsha ze-silicone eziye zachayeka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme isikhathi eside, zihlangana nokudla okuningi okunamafutha ne-acidic, futhi zithintane ngqo nokudla, ingabe ukufuduka kwe-plasticizer kanye nemvula yensimbi enamandla ngesikhathi sokupheka?Lingakanani inani "lemvula"?Ingabe inobuthi emzimbeni womuntu uma idliwa?Ingabe sikhona isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi nokuphepha kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone?
Ukuze kuqondwe izinga lekhwalithi yamafosholo abicah kanye nesikhunta se-silicone esithengiswa emakethe ye-Qingdao futhi sinikeze abathengi imininingwane eyiqiniso nethembekile yomkhiqizo, i-Qingdao Municipal Consumer Protection Commission yethule ngokusemthethweni ukuhlola okuqhathanisayo kwamanye amafosholo abicah kanye nemikhiqizo yokubunjwa kwe-silicone ekugcineni 2021. Ekuseni ngoMashi 9 ngo-10 ezimpondweni, uhlelo olukhulu lwesayensi oluthi “Consumer Laboratory” oludalwe ngokuhlanganyela yi-Qingdao Municipal Consumer Protection Commission, Qingdao Municipal Quality Inspection Institute, kanye nePeninsula Urban Daily yethule “3.15 Special I-Edishini”, engene ilabhorethri engokoqobo namakhemikhali futhi yahlasela ngokuqondile indawo yokuhlola ukuze "ibambe" ukufuduka kwe-silicone kitchenware ngesikhathi sokupheka okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Isamba senani lamasampuli alokhu kuhlolwa okuqhathanisayo amaqoqo angama-20, wonke athengwe ngabasebenzi beKhomishini Yokuvikelwa Kwabathengi yase-Qingdao njengabathengi abavamile ezitolo ezinkulu ezihlukahlukene, izitolo ezinkulu, kanye nezinkundla zokuthenga ze-e-commerce njenge-JD. kanye ne-Tmall eQingdao.Phakathi kwazo, amaqoqo ayi-10 amafosholo e-silicone avela ezitolo ezinkulu ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi;Amaqoqo angu-10 esikhunta se-silicone, amaqoqo angu-7 avela ezitolo ezinkulu ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, namaqoqo angu-3 avela ezitolo ezinkulu ze-inthanethi.
Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwenziwa e-Qingdao Product Quality Inspection and Research Institute, futhi izinto zokuhlola zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate, ukufuduka okuphelele, izinsimbi ezisindayo (ku-Pb), ukufuduka kwe-plasticizer (DEHP, DAP, DINP, DBP), nezinto ezidluliswayo ( i-antimony Sb, i-arsenic As, i-barium Ba, i-cadmium Cd, i-chromium Cr, i-lead Pb, i-mercury Hg, i-selenium Se).Amazinga afaka i-GB 4806.11-2016 “Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla Kwezinto Zenjoloba Nemikhiqizo Ethintana Nokudla”, GB 9685-2016 “Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla Lokusetshenziswa Kwezithasiselo Ekuxhumaneni Nezinto Zokudla Nemikhiqizo”, GB 31604.30-2016 "Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla Lokunqunywa Nokufuduka Kwe-Phthalates Ngokuthintana Nezinto Zokudla Nemikhiqizo" GB 6675.4-2014 "Ukuphepha Kwamathoyizi - Ingxenye 4: Ukufuduka Kwezinto Ezithile", njll.
Kulolu shicilelo lwe-"Consumer Lab", sizohlola ngokuqondile ukufuduka kwe-silicone kitchenware ngesikhathi sokupheka, siveze uhlobo lwaso lwangempela, okuvula amehlo okuhle futhi okuhlangenwe nakho okumangalisayo.Ukuphendula izinto eziyingozi ezifana nezinsimbi ezisindayo namapulasitiki akhathaza kakhulu izakhamuzi nabathengi, ukuhlola kukhulise ngokukhethekile ukuhlola okufanelekile futhi kwasebenzisa amathuluzi athuthukile namathuluzi okulinganisa okuqondiwe nokunembayo, kusetshenziswa isayensi ukubuyisela iqiniso.
U-Han Bing, inhloko yephrojekthi yokuhlola yokuqhathanisa ye-Qingdao Municipal Consumer Protection Commission, kanye no-Sun Chunpeng, unjiniyela ovela e-Qingdao Municipal Quality Inspection Institute, bavakashele igumbi lokusakaza bukhoma le-“Consumer Laboratory” ukuzokhipha imiphumela yokugcina ye- ukuhlola futhi unikeze isiqondiso sabathengi esigunyaziwe.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa inesibopho samasampuli kuphela futhi ayimeli ikhwalithi yamanye amamodeli noma amaqoqo omkhiqizo.Ayikho iyunithi evunyelwe ukusebenzisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa yokuqhathanisa ukuze ibonakale ngaphandle kokugunyazwa;'Intengo' yesampula kuphela inani lokuthenga ngaleso sikhathi.
Elabhorethri engokoqobo namakhemikhali ye-Qingdao Quality Inspection Institute, amaqoqo angu-20 amasampula omkhiqizo we-silicone aqale athunyelwa kuhhavini ongu-220 degree futhi aguga emoyeni oshisayo amahora angu-10, elingisa indawo enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lemikhiqizo ye-silicone ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.Ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10, khipha amasampula angama-20 bese uwapholisa.Sika indawo ethile yejeli ye-silica kusampula ngalinye kwangama-20 ngokwesilinganiso esithile sokuhlola sokulungiselela isampula.
Isampula elihloliwe eliguge emoyeni oshisayo ku-220 ° C amahora angu-10
Uma usebenzisa ama-spatula we-silicone kanye nesikhunta, ukukhathazeka okubaluleke kakhulu kwezakhamizi ukuthi kukhona okuzofuduka.Iphrojekthi yokuhlola 'yokufuduka okuphelele' ingathwebula ngokunembile inani lezinto ezingaguquguquki ezintweni ezithinta ukudla ezithuthela ekudleni.
Ngabona ochwepheshe baselabhorethri becwilisa i-silicone esikiwe kusifaniso sokudla esingu-4% acetic acid kanye no-50% ethanol, beyicwilisa amahora angu-4 ku-100 ℃, bese bebeka isixazululo sokucwiliswa esitsheni esihwamukayo size sihwamuke sibe somile.Kuleli qophelo, okunye okungaphansi kwesitsha esihwamukayo kubonakala sengathi kusanda kuhlanzwa ngokucophelela, kungenabala;Abanye bangabonakala ngeso lenyama ngenani elincane lensalela emhlophe enamathiselwe, ebukeka kancane "njengesilinganiso".
Izinsalela ezansi kwesitsha sokuhwamuka ukuphuma kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone
Kusetshenziswa i-acetic acid ne-ethanol ukulingisa indawo enamafutha ne-acidic lapho kuphekwa khona izitsha ze-silicone, insalela ebonwa yiwo wonke umuntu izinto ezingaguquki eziphuma ziphume.“USun Chunpeng, unjiniyela ovela e-Qingdao Quality Inspection Institute, wethule ukuthi izinto ezingaguquki ezintweni ezithinta ukudla zifudukela ekudleni, okungakhiqiza iphunga kalula, kuthinte ukunambitheka kokudla futhi kuthinte ngisho nempilo yabantu.
Kodwa-ke, ingqikithi yedatha yokufuduka etholwe kumaqoqo angu-20 we-spatula yerabha kanye namasampuli esikhunta se-silicone kulokhu kuhlolwa isaqinisekisa impela - ukufuduka okuphelele kwe-spatula ye-silicone kugxilwe kakhulu kububanzi be-1.5 mg/square decimeter kuya ku-3.0 mg/square decimeter. , kuyilapho ukufuduka okuphelele kwesikhunta se-silicone kugxile kakhulu ebangeni le-1.0 mg/square decimeter kuya ku-2.0 mg/square decimeter, konke okuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-GB standard 4806.11-2016 kazwelonke (≤ 10 mg/square decimeter).Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yokufuduka okuphelele kwe-silicone spatula kanye nesikhunta se-silicone ayizange ibonise ushintsho lomkhuba ngentengo yesampula.
Ukuhlolwa "kokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate" kungokunye ukuhlola okungavumela ukufuduka kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone ukuze "ibonise isimo sayo sangempela".Izisebenzi zokuhlola zacwilisa ijeli ye-silica esikiwe emanzini ku-60 ℃ amahora angu-2.Isixazululo sokucwiliswa sifakwe isixazululo se-potassium permanganate, futhi inani lokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate ekugcineni lanqunywa ngokushintsha kombala, izibalo zomthamo, njll.
Izinsalela ezansi kwesitsha sokuhwamuka ukuphuma kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone
Kusetshenziswa i-acetic acid ne-ethanol ukulingisa indawo enamafutha ne-acidic lapho kuphekwa khona izitsha ze-silicone, insalela ebonwa yiwo wonke umuntu izinto ezingaguquki eziphuma ziphume.“USun Chunpeng, unjiniyela ovela e-Qingdao Quality Inspection Institute, wethule ukuthi izinto ezingaguquki ezintweni ezithinta ukudla zifudukela ekudleni, okungakhiqiza iphunga kalula, kuthinte ukunambitheka kokudla futhi kuthinte ngisho nempilo yabantu.
Kodwa-ke, ingqikithi yedatha yokufuduka etholwe kumaqoqo angu-20 we-spatula yerabha kanye namasampuli esikhunta se-silicone kulokhu kuhlolwa isaqinisekisa impela - ukufuduka okuphelele kwe-spatula ye-silicone kugxilwe kakhulu kububanzi be-1.5 mg/square decimeter kuya ku-3.0 mg/square decimeter. , kuyilapho ukufuduka okuphelele kwesikhunta se-silicone kugxile kakhulu ebangeni le-1.0 mg/square decimeter kuya ku-2.0 mg/square decimeter, konke okuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-GB standard 4806.11-2016 kazwelonke (≤ 10 mg/square decimeter).Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yokufuduka okuphelele kwe-silicone spatula kanye nesikhunta se-silicone ayizange ibonise ushintsho lomkhuba ngentengo yesampula.
Ukuhlolwa "kokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate" kungokunye ukuhlola okungavumela ukufuduka kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone ukuze "ibonise isimo sayo sangempela".Izisebenzi zokuhlola zacwilisa ijeli ye-silica esikiwe emanzini ku-60 ℃ amahora angu-2.Isixazululo sokucwiliswa sifakwe isixazululo se-potassium permanganate, futhi inani lokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate ekugcineni lanqunywa ngokushintsha kombala, izibalo zomthamo, njll.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate kumafosholo abicah kugxilwe kakhulu ebangeni lika-2.0 mg/kg kuya ku-3.0 mg/kg, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate ezibunjeni ze-silicone kugxilwe kakhulu ku-1.5 mg/kg. kuya ku-2.5 mg/kg, ehlangabezana nezidingo zezinga likazwelonke le-GB 4806.11-2016 (≤ 10 mg/kg).Amanani angumphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate kumafosholo e-silicone nokubunjwa kwe-silicone awazange abonise ukushintshwa kwethrendi ngezintengo zesampula.
>>>Ukuhlaziywa kwezinsimbi: Izinsimbi ezinamandla zitholiwe, futhi amanani evolumu ahambisana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke
Ingabe i-silicone kitchenware izokhipha izinto ezinobuthi njengezinsimbi ezisindayo namaplastiki ngesikhathi sokupheka?Lokhu okunye okukhathaza kakhulu izakhamizi.Ukuhlolwa kokutholwa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo namapulasitiki kuhlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezimbili ezinkulu: ukulungiswa kwesampula okwenziwa ngesandla nokuhlaziya ngamathuluzi okuthola.Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi njengoba izinsimbi ezisindayo zikhathaza abathengi, lokhu kuhlola kukhulise ngokukhethekile ukutholwa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo.
Ngokwezidingo zezinga eliphoqelekile likazwelonke le-GB 4806.11-2016 "Izisetshenziswa Zenjoloba Ezijwayelekile Zokuphepha Kokudla Nemikhiqizo Ethintana Nokudla", ngemva kokuhlolwa nokuhlaziya, yonke imiphumela yensimbi esindayo (ebalwa njengomthofu) izinto zokuhlola zamaqoqo angama-20. amafosholo abicah kanye nesikhunta se-silicone ahlangabezana nezidingo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-18-2023
